Understanding credit risk and measuring/using credit spreads for the CFA Level 3 exam. Key for the active fixed-income study sessions.

The process and advantages/disadvantages of mean variance optimization (MVO) broken down for the CFA Level 3 exam. 

Fixed income performance attribution has been a popular CFA Level 3 exam topic in the past. Test questions could include solving for one of the missing return components (given the overall return and each of the others), explaining one of the return components, or most commonly, evaluating the relative performance of two managers based on their different sources of returns and their stated strategy for outperformance.

Trend, Support, Resistance, and Change in Polarity explained for the CFA Level 1 exam. 

Know the five key factors affecting the demand for life insurance for the CFA Level 3 exam. 

Some basic considerations to understand for CFA Level 3 before diving deep on how to diversify a concentrated position. 

The IPS material matters a lot. This is true in terms of raw number of points and in how it impacts the overall structure of the CFA Level 3 Curriculum. Pay attention.

We use the geometric mean to analyze past performance over multi-year outlooks and the arithmetic mean for future (expected) performance of a single year.